歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題全解析(2002-2004)
- 第1頁(yè):2002.1-Passageone
- 第2頁(yè):2002.1-PassageTwo
- 第3頁(yè):2002.1-PassageThree
- 第4頁(yè):2002.1-PassageFour
- 第5頁(yè):2002.6-Passage One
- 第6頁(yè):2002.6-Passage Two
- 第7頁(yè):2002.6-Passage Three
- 第8頁(yè):2002.6-Passage Three
- 第9頁(yè):2003.1-Passage One
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
That’s especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of the erosion (銷(xiāo)蝕) of corporate (公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained (限制) by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture, “says Scheetz.
This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.
26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineering.(C)
27. By saying “... but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’ time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got(B)
28. According to Scheetz’s statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics(A)
29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ________.
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management(A)
30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.(D)
這篇文章講的是何種專業(yè)在人才市場(chǎng)上更受青睞的問(wèn)題。到底什么樣的人才更受青睞呢?文章實(shí)際上講了兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn),前兩段論述了個(gè)觀點(diǎn),即“專家”更受青睞;后面的三段又提出了與此相反的觀點(diǎn),“雜家”更受青睞。觀點(diǎn)之所以不同,是因?yàn)樗鼈兊那疤釛l件不同。
先來(lái)看個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。句可以說(shuō)開(kāi)宗明義:the best route to a job is to get specialized training,的辦法是練就專業(yè)技能。而后作者提出了論據(jù)——近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,商務(wù)類和醫(yī)療保健類的畢業(yè)生很受公司青睞(companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care)。
下一段舉出了更多的例子。That’s especially true of booming fields,這里的fields應(yīng)該和段的fields所指相同,都是指學(xué)生的專業(yè)。急速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域更是炙手可熱,一個(gè)酒店管理學(xué)院的本科畢業(yè)生平均可以接到五到六個(gè)職位邀請(qǐng)(get an average of four or five job offers),同時(shí)有大量的升職機(jī)會(huì)。
接下來(lái),作者筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn),提出了一個(gè)反面觀點(diǎn),too much specialization doesn’t pay off(pay off詞組指“得到回報(bào)”)。而觀點(diǎn)不同的關(guān)鍵在于條件,第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是in the long run,即從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看。作者首先以商務(wù)領(lǐng)域?yàn)槔?,指出MBA過(guò)剩使得這一學(xué)歷不再是職業(yè)通行證(no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval)。
下一段介紹了密歇根州的Scheetz的說(shuō)法,繼續(xù)支持第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。Scheetz認(rèn)為,盡管現(xiàn)在的公司在招新人時(shí)依然傾向于招收“專家”(tend to take on specialists as new hires),但在中上層管理職位上更傾向于“雜家”(generalists for middle and upper-level management)。原因是專家的眼光局限于具體細(xì)節(jié),難以從大局考慮(constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture)。
如果這篇材料是寫(xiě)給高中生們的,那么后一段可以算是大學(xué)專業(yè)報(bào)考指南。This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate:這似乎是在正面肯定文科畢業(yè)生。那么文科生有什么優(yōu)勢(shì)呢?寫(xiě)作、交流能力、組織技巧、開(kāi)放的頭腦、適應(yīng)性、分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力(writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems)。作者又引出另一位人士David Birch把文科生大夸了一番,后以Scheetz的中庸觀點(diǎn)收?qǐng)觯何目茖W(xué)歷加上專業(yè)技能(liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training)將是市場(chǎng)的寵兒。
26. C
本題問(wèn)哪些人在人才市場(chǎng)上需求量頗高。
這道題的考查的內(nèi)容涉及全篇材料,必須根據(jù)每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)所描述的特點(diǎn),在文章中找到相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,對(duì)比之后排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
A,人文學(xué)科的本科畢業(yè)生。Humanities,人文學(xué)科,可以認(rèn)為是文章后幾段所說(shuō)的liberal-arts,但這些專業(yè)的人在是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度看(in the long run),易進(jìn)入中高層職位(for middle and upper-level management),而不是本科畢業(yè)生。
B,擁有大學(xué)MBA學(xué)位的人。第三段提到MBA學(xué)位no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval,說(shuō)明MBA學(xué)位已經(jīng)并不火爆了。
C,經(jīng)過(guò)正規(guī)學(xué)校教育同時(shí)擁有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。第二段后一句是Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience,這里提到經(jīng)過(guò)正規(guī)學(xué)校教育同時(shí)擁有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人受到了大公司的青睞,符合題意。
D,在工程學(xué)方面擁有專業(yè)技能的人。后一段說(shuō)明文科生的特點(diǎn)有利于找工作,其中提到工程人才:David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,意思是此人絕不雇用MBA或是工程學(xué)畢業(yè)生。這說(shuō)明工程學(xué)人才并不火爆。
27. B
這道題問(wèn)but the impact of a degree washes out after five years一句是什么意思。這是一道句子考查題,需要理順上下文的邏輯關(guān)系之后作答。
A,大多數(shù)MBA課程沒(méi)能為學(xué)生打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
B,MBA學(xué)位并不會(huì)對(duì)升入管理層帶來(lái)幫助。
C,MBA課程在五年以后就不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣受歡迎了。
D,五年后人們就會(huì)忘記MBA畢業(yè)生們的學(xué)位。
首先應(yīng)該判斷這一段在全篇中所起到的作用是什么,也就是這一段的大體功能,段落中的每一句話都是為了這個(gè)功能服務(wù)的。
本段句話應(yīng)該是一個(gè)總領(lǐng)句,in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off,意思是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,太專并不會(huì)帶來(lái)回報(bào)。這句話提出了本文的第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn),文章的余下部分都是在論證這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。而實(shí)際上,這句話的意思并沒(méi)有非常清晰地表達(dá)出來(lái),比如in the long run到底指什么,不會(huì)帶來(lái)回報(bào)具體是什么意思等。根據(jù)下一段的論述,可以知道這句話的意思實(shí)際上指的是在公司工作幾年之后,太專不利于進(jìn)入管理層。第三段余下的部分應(yīng)該是為證明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)所舉的例子,那么其背后的意義當(dāng)然也是這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)本身。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中B的表達(dá)與此為接近。
28. A
根據(jù)Scheetz的說(shuō)法,公司更喜歡什么樣的人才。
A,具有戰(zhàn)略頭腦的人。
B,具有美術(shù)才能的人。
C,有野心、侵略性強(qiáng)的人。
D,在機(jī)械學(xué)方面接受過(guò)教育的人。
文章提到Scheetz是在第四段,首先是他介紹的一種人才雇用慣例(Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices),而后直接引用了他的原話。此外,在全文后一句話中也提到了Scheetz??紤]到本題剛剛是第三道題,考查后一句話的可能性不大,所以,只需研究第四段就可以了。
Scheetz所提到的慣例大致是這樣的:在招聘新員工時(shí)還是會(huì)招“專家”,而在提拔中上管理層時(shí)則青睞“雜家”(generalists)。他的原話直譯是:他們想要不被具體細(xì)節(jié)限制的人,這些人有更廣闊的視角??梢钥吹焦靖矚g的人有兩個(gè)要點(diǎn),一是雜家,二是視角廣闊或者看問(wèn)題更為深遠(yuǎn)。A所說(shuō)的strategic mind與look at the big picture應(yīng)該是一個(gè)意思,可以選A。B所說(shuō)的美術(shù)才能雖是文科,但恰恰也屬于專家,只有通曉大部分文科專業(yè)的人才能稱之為雜家。C的說(shuō)法在文中沒(méi)有提到。D也屬于specialists。
29. A
題目問(wèn)David Birch宣稱他只雇用文科生是因?yàn)椤?
A,文科生處理變化情況的能力更強(qiáng)。
B,他們能夠堅(jiān)持固有的解決問(wèn)題的方式。
C,他們?cè)谝幌盗袑I(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)都受到了完整的教育。
D,他們參加了管理方面的特別課程。
文章提到David Birch是在后一段,文中他宣稱he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,即不愿雇用specialists,而后文章引用了他的原話“I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things”,這里的because從句已經(jīng)說(shuō)出了原因,本題考查的就是對(duì)句話的理解。Way of doing things,做事情的方式,由此可以估計(jì),原因大體上是某種特別的做事的方式,基本可以把C和D排除,因?yàn)樗鼈兣c方式無(wú)關(guān)。這具體是一種什么方式呢?less-than-canned,這是一個(gè)臨時(shí)自造的詞,字典里肯定沒(méi)有,我們只能通過(guò)分析它的構(gòu)成來(lái)猜測(cè)它的意思。Can是“能夠”,此外還有罐頭的意思,這里是被動(dòng)式,說(shuō)明已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成了動(dòng)詞形式,canned就是做成了罐頭的意思。做事情時(shí)頭腦像裝進(jìn)罐頭一樣,說(shuō)明是死腦筋,墨守陳規(guī)。David Birch先生不喜歡的就是這種人,反過(guò)來(lái),他喜歡的就是腦筋靈活,思路開(kāi)闊的人,A的說(shuō)法與此一致,B的說(shuō)法與此相反。應(yīng)該選A。
30. D
題目問(wèn)作者支持下列哪個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來(lái)看,這道題的考查范圍遍布全文,不過(guò)解答難度卻并不高,原因就是三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的迷惑性相對(duì)較小。
A,給“專家”所付的薪水比“雜家”要高。文中沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)工資高低問(wèn)題。從文中的觀點(diǎn)——雜家進(jìn)入管理層的機(jī)會(huì)高于專家來(lái)看,雜家的薪水肯定是高于專家的。這與A的說(shuō)法相反。
B,正規(guī)學(xué)校教育不如工作培訓(xùn)重要。文章里沒(méi)有類似的內(nèi)容,可以直接排除。
C,在職培訓(xùn)從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度講花費(fèi)更少。文章沒(méi)有講到花費(fèi)問(wèn)題,可以直接排除。
D,“雜家”在管理方面要?jiǎng)龠^(guò)“專家”。這正是文章后三段論述的中心。
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
That’s especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of the erosion (銷(xiāo)蝕) of corporate (公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained (限制) by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture, “says Scheetz.
This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.
26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineering.(C)
27. By saying “... but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’ time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got(B)
28. According to Scheetz’s statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics(A)
29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ________.
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management(A)
30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.(D)
這篇文章講的是何種專業(yè)在人才市場(chǎng)上更受青睞的問(wèn)題。到底什么樣的人才更受青睞呢?文章實(shí)際上講了兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn),前兩段論述了個(gè)觀點(diǎn),即“專家”更受青睞;后面的三段又提出了與此相反的觀點(diǎn),“雜家”更受青睞。觀點(diǎn)之所以不同,是因?yàn)樗鼈兊那疤釛l件不同。
先來(lái)看個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。句可以說(shuō)開(kāi)宗明義:the best route to a job is to get specialized training,的辦法是練就專業(yè)技能。而后作者提出了論據(jù)——近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,商務(wù)類和醫(yī)療保健類的畢業(yè)生很受公司青睞(companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care)。
下一段舉出了更多的例子。That’s especially true of booming fields,這里的fields應(yīng)該和段的fields所指相同,都是指學(xué)生的專業(yè)。急速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域更是炙手可熱,一個(gè)酒店管理學(xué)院的本科畢業(yè)生平均可以接到五到六個(gè)職位邀請(qǐng)(get an average of four or five job offers),同時(shí)有大量的升職機(jī)會(huì)。
接下來(lái),作者筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn),提出了一個(gè)反面觀點(diǎn),too much specialization doesn’t pay off(pay off詞組指“得到回報(bào)”)。而觀點(diǎn)不同的關(guān)鍵在于條件,第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是in the long run,即從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看。作者首先以商務(wù)領(lǐng)域?yàn)槔?,指出MBA過(guò)剩使得這一學(xué)歷不再是職業(yè)通行證(no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval)。
下一段介紹了密歇根州的Scheetz的說(shuō)法,繼續(xù)支持第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。Scheetz認(rèn)為,盡管現(xiàn)在的公司在招新人時(shí)依然傾向于招收“專家”(tend to take on specialists as new hires),但在中上層管理職位上更傾向于“雜家”(generalists for middle and upper-level management)。原因是專家的眼光局限于具體細(xì)節(jié),難以從大局考慮(constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture)。
如果這篇材料是寫(xiě)給高中生們的,那么后一段可以算是大學(xué)專業(yè)報(bào)考指南。This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate:這似乎是在正面肯定文科畢業(yè)生。那么文科生有什么優(yōu)勢(shì)呢?寫(xiě)作、交流能力、組織技巧、開(kāi)放的頭腦、適應(yīng)性、分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力(writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems)。作者又引出另一位人士David Birch把文科生大夸了一番,后以Scheetz的中庸觀點(diǎn)收?qǐng)觯何目茖W(xué)歷加上專業(yè)技能(liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training)將是市場(chǎng)的寵兒。
26. C
本題問(wèn)哪些人在人才市場(chǎng)上需求量頗高。
這道題的考查的內(nèi)容涉及全篇材料,必須根據(jù)每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)所描述的特點(diǎn),在文章中找到相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,對(duì)比之后排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
A,人文學(xué)科的本科畢業(yè)生。Humanities,人文學(xué)科,可以認(rèn)為是文章后幾段所說(shuō)的liberal-arts,但這些專業(yè)的人在是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度看(in the long run),易進(jìn)入中高層職位(for middle and upper-level management),而不是本科畢業(yè)生。
B,擁有大學(xué)MBA學(xué)位的人。第三段提到MBA學(xué)位no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval,說(shuō)明MBA學(xué)位已經(jīng)并不火爆了。
C,經(jīng)過(guò)正規(guī)學(xué)校教育同時(shí)擁有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。第二段后一句是Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience,這里提到經(jīng)過(guò)正規(guī)學(xué)校教育同時(shí)擁有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人受到了大公司的青睞,符合題意。
D,在工程學(xué)方面擁有專業(yè)技能的人。后一段說(shuō)明文科生的特點(diǎn)有利于找工作,其中提到工程人才:David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,意思是此人絕不雇用MBA或是工程學(xué)畢業(yè)生。這說(shuō)明工程學(xué)人才并不火爆。
27. B
這道題問(wèn)but the impact of a degree washes out after five years一句是什么意思。這是一道句子考查題,需要理順上下文的邏輯關(guān)系之后作答。
A,大多數(shù)MBA課程沒(méi)能為學(xué)生打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
B,MBA學(xué)位并不會(huì)對(duì)升入管理層帶來(lái)幫助。
C,MBA課程在五年以后就不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣受歡迎了。
D,五年后人們就會(huì)忘記MBA畢業(yè)生們的學(xué)位。
首先應(yīng)該判斷這一段在全篇中所起到的作用是什么,也就是這一段的大體功能,段落中的每一句話都是為了這個(gè)功能服務(wù)的。
本段句話應(yīng)該是一個(gè)總領(lǐng)句,in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off,意思是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,太專并不會(huì)帶來(lái)回報(bào)。這句話提出了本文的第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn),文章的余下部分都是在論證這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。而實(shí)際上,這句話的意思并沒(méi)有非常清晰地表達(dá)出來(lái),比如in the long run到底指什么,不會(huì)帶來(lái)回報(bào)具體是什么意思等。根據(jù)下一段的論述,可以知道這句話的意思實(shí)際上指的是在公司工作幾年之后,太專不利于進(jìn)入管理層。第三段余下的部分應(yīng)該是為證明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)所舉的例子,那么其背后的意義當(dāng)然也是這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)本身。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中B的表達(dá)與此為接近。
28. A
根據(jù)Scheetz的說(shuō)法,公司更喜歡什么樣的人才。
A,具有戰(zhàn)略頭腦的人。
B,具有美術(shù)才能的人。
C,有野心、侵略性強(qiáng)的人。
D,在機(jī)械學(xué)方面接受過(guò)教育的人。
文章提到Scheetz是在第四段,首先是他介紹的一種人才雇用慣例(Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices),而后直接引用了他的原話。此外,在全文后一句話中也提到了Scheetz??紤]到本題剛剛是第三道題,考查后一句話的可能性不大,所以,只需研究第四段就可以了。
Scheetz所提到的慣例大致是這樣的:在招聘新員工時(shí)還是會(huì)招“專家”,而在提拔中上管理層時(shí)則青睞“雜家”(generalists)。他的原話直譯是:他們想要不被具體細(xì)節(jié)限制的人,這些人有更廣闊的視角??梢钥吹焦靖矚g的人有兩個(gè)要點(diǎn),一是雜家,二是視角廣闊或者看問(wèn)題更為深遠(yuǎn)。A所說(shuō)的strategic mind與look at the big picture應(yīng)該是一個(gè)意思,可以選A。B所說(shuō)的美術(shù)才能雖是文科,但恰恰也屬于專家,只有通曉大部分文科專業(yè)的人才能稱之為雜家。C的說(shuō)法在文中沒(méi)有提到。D也屬于specialists。
29. A
題目問(wèn)David Birch宣稱他只雇用文科生是因?yàn)椤?
A,文科生處理變化情況的能力更強(qiáng)。
B,他們能夠堅(jiān)持固有的解決問(wèn)題的方式。
C,他們?cè)谝幌盗袑I(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)都受到了完整的教育。
D,他們參加了管理方面的特別課程。
文章提到David Birch是在后一段,文中他宣稱he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,即不愿雇用specialists,而后文章引用了他的原話“I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things”,這里的because從句已經(jīng)說(shuō)出了原因,本題考查的就是對(duì)句話的理解。Way of doing things,做事情的方式,由此可以估計(jì),原因大體上是某種特別的做事的方式,基本可以把C和D排除,因?yàn)樗鼈兣c方式無(wú)關(guān)。這具體是一種什么方式呢?less-than-canned,這是一個(gè)臨時(shí)自造的詞,字典里肯定沒(méi)有,我們只能通過(guò)分析它的構(gòu)成來(lái)猜測(cè)它的意思。Can是“能夠”,此外還有罐頭的意思,這里是被動(dòng)式,說(shuō)明已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成了動(dòng)詞形式,canned就是做成了罐頭的意思。做事情時(shí)頭腦像裝進(jìn)罐頭一樣,說(shuō)明是死腦筋,墨守陳規(guī)。David Birch先生不喜歡的就是這種人,反過(guò)來(lái),他喜歡的就是腦筋靈活,思路開(kāi)闊的人,A的說(shuō)法與此一致,B的說(shuō)法與此相反。應(yīng)該選A。
30. D
題目問(wèn)作者支持下列哪個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來(lái)看,這道題的考查范圍遍布全文,不過(guò)解答難度卻并不高,原因就是三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的迷惑性相對(duì)較小。
A,給“專家”所付的薪水比“雜家”要高。文中沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)工資高低問(wèn)題。從文中的觀點(diǎn)——雜家進(jìn)入管理層的機(jī)會(huì)高于專家來(lái)看,雜家的薪水肯定是高于專家的。這與A的說(shuō)法相反。
B,正規(guī)學(xué)校教育不如工作培訓(xùn)重要。文章里沒(méi)有類似的內(nèi)容,可以直接排除。
C,在職培訓(xùn)從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度講花費(fèi)更少。文章沒(méi)有講到花費(fèi)問(wèn)題,可以直接排除。
D,“雜家”在管理方面要?jiǎng)龠^(guò)“專家”。這正是文章后三段論述的中心。
編輯推薦:
2011年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀試題及答案匯總
2011年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀試題及答案匯總
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