歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題全解析(2004-2006)
- 第1頁(yè):2004.6-Passage Two
- 第2頁(yè):2004.6-Passage Three
- 第3頁(yè):2004.6-PassageFour
- 第4頁(yè):2005.1-Passage One
- 第5頁(yè):2005.1-Passage Two
- 第6頁(yè):2005.1-Passage Three
- 第7頁(yè):2005.1-Passage Four
- 第8頁(yè):2005.6-Passage 1
Passage Three
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.
When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.
Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混雜英語(yǔ)). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (異端邪說).
It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (調(diào)節(jié)) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.”
21. The study of sign language is thought to be ________.
A) a new way to look at the learning of language
B) a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language
C) an approach to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language
D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language(C)
22. The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ________.
A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain
B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts
C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf
D) some senior experts in American Sign Language(C)
23. According to Stokoe, sign language is ________.
A) a Substandard language
B) a genuine language
C) an artificial language
D) an international language(B)
24. Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought ________.
A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf people
B) sign language was too artificial to be widely accepted
C) a language should be easy to use and understand
D) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds(D)
25. Stokoe’s argument is based on his belief that ________.
A) sign language is as efficient as any other language
B) sign language is derived from natural language
C) language is a system of meaningful codes
D) language is a product of the brain(D)
這篇文章內(nèi)容核心是手語(yǔ),以一位手語(yǔ)專家的研究歷程為線索,粗略介紹了手語(yǔ)研究的新觀點(diǎn):手語(yǔ)是獨(dú)立于語(yǔ)音的另一種語(yǔ)言。材料一共四段。開頭介紹了手語(yǔ)研究的進(jìn)展以及意義,“進(jìn)展”指過去的20年研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了手語(yǔ)的獨(dú)特性(realized that signed languages are unique),意義是指手語(yǔ)的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為研究大腦如何應(yīng)用與理解語(yǔ)言開辟了新的方向(a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language),同時(shí)為一個(gè)古老的科學(xué)論題帶來了新的希望:語(yǔ)言到底是天生的還是后天習(xí)得的(whether language……is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior)。之后,文章簡(jiǎn)單介紹了這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的先驅(qū)人物,以后的內(nèi)容全部都是圍繞這位先驅(qū)的研究經(jīng)歷展開的。
段末介紹了這位先驅(qū)人物Stokoe的基本信息:華盛頓特區(qū)一所聾人大學(xué)的教師。第二段便從他的教學(xué)經(jīng)歷講起,談到他被安排教授手語(yǔ)后發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象:學(xué)生們的動(dòng)作與教他的老師所講的并不一樣(students signed differently from his classroom teacher)。這就是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的契機(jī)。
接下來,文章先是簡(jiǎn)單說明一下當(dāng)時(shí)的手語(yǔ)教育狀況,以和他的新發(fā)現(xiàn)作為對(duì)比。首先是承接上文所說,講他從老師那里學(xué)來的手語(yǔ)的基本特點(diǎn):每個(gè)手勢(shì)代表英語(yǔ)里的一個(gè)單詞(each movement of the hands representing a word in English),這可以理解為手語(yǔ)實(shí)際上是語(yǔ)言的附庸。其次是人們普遍認(rèn)為美國(guó)手語(yǔ)不過是一種混雜英語(yǔ)(thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English),這里也在強(qiáng)調(diào)手語(yǔ)從屬于語(yǔ)言。之后是Stokoe自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)與思考:他認(rèn)為學(xué)生們使用的手語(yǔ)意義比人們的普遍觀點(diǎn)要更為豐富(the “hand talk” his students used looked richer),同時(shí)受到了啟發(fā):或許聾人確實(shí)擁有一種真正的語(yǔ)言。
上一段末一句說Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時(shí)過于超前,被視為學(xué)術(shù)異端,后一段時(shí)空一下跳轉(zhuǎn)到了37年以后,此時(shí)的Stokoe忙于寫作、編輯、出品美國(guó)手語(yǔ)方面的書籍報(bào)刊和視頻(writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials),同時(shí)饒有興致地為人講述這場(chǎng)“革命”是如何開始的。從這里的信息可以看出,Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)的地位已經(jīng)是今非昔比了,否則如此多的出版物不會(huì)有市場(chǎng)需求,其稱呼也不會(huì)從“異端”變?yōu)椤案锩薄2贿^,反對(duì)觀點(diǎn)依然十分強(qiáng)大,這一派認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言必須以語(yǔ)音為基礎(chǔ),是聲音的變體(language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound),而Stokoe則反駁手語(yǔ)恰恰以手的動(dòng)作為基礎(chǔ)(sign language is based on the movement of hands),譏諷道“語(yǔ)言不是嘴巴層次的東西,而是大腦層次的東西(brain stuff)。
21. B
題目問符號(hào)語(yǔ)言被認(rèn)為是一種什么。
A,一種認(rèn)識(shí)語(yǔ)言習(xí)得的新方式。
B,對(duì)語(yǔ)言本質(zhì)傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)的挑戰(zhàn)。
C,簡(jiǎn)化語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的方法。
D,明晰對(duì)語(yǔ)言起源的誤解的嘗試。
本題旨在考查段的第三句話:They offer a new way to……or whether it is a learned behavior——這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句,大意是說手語(yǔ)提供了一種新方式來探索大腦生成和理解語(yǔ)言的方式,同時(shí)也為一個(gè)古老的問題提供了新的思維,這個(gè)古老的問題是“語(yǔ)言是與生俱來的還是后天習(xí)得的”。
A側(cè)重于語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí),指如何掌握、運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言,但原文中有關(guān)大腦如何生成語(yǔ)言這些內(nèi)容顯然比語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)要深?yuàn)W得多。所以A的說法不夠全面。
B有一定道理,因?yàn)樵闹械拇竽X生成和理解語(yǔ)言、語(yǔ)言是與生俱來還是后天習(xí)得等等問題應(yīng)該可以看作是語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)問題(nature),而原文中使用了a new way(新方式)這個(gè)詞組,可以認(rèn)為是對(duì)舊有方式的挑戰(zhàn)。
C的說法屬于無中生有,因?yàn)樵某霈F(xiàn)了complete with grammar這個(gè)詞組,所以生造出一個(gè)和語(yǔ)法相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)來迷惑考生的視線。
D把傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)視為“誤解”顯得太過武斷,從原句的表達(dá)來看,手語(yǔ)僅僅是提供了一種新的研究方式,至于新舊觀點(diǎn)哪一種是誤解并沒有做出論斷。
22. C
題目問當(dāng)前對(duì)符號(hào)語(yǔ)言日漸高漲的興趣是由誰(shuí)引發(fā)的。
A,一位研究人類大腦的著名學(xué)者。
B,一位研究文科的杰出專家。
C,一位聾人大學(xué)的英語(yǔ)教師。
D,美國(guó)符號(hào)語(yǔ)言的幾位高級(jí)專家。
這道題考查的是段的后一句話。The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher,這里的has roots in詞組是指“根源于”,應(yīng)該和題目里的stimulated意思相近??梢钥吹竭@位先驅(qū)者是一位教師(one rebel teacher),其所在的學(xué)校是專門教育聾人的文科大學(xué)(liberal arts university for deaf people)。這位老師是教授什么科目的呢?下一段開頭給出了答案:When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English——科目是英語(yǔ)。這樣答案應(yīng)該是C。
23. B
題目問在Stokoe看來,手語(yǔ)是一種……
A,一種不合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的語(yǔ)言。
B,一種真正的語(yǔ)言。
C,一種人工語(yǔ)言。
D,一種國(guó)際語(yǔ)言。
倒數(shù)第二段中有一句話與本題相關(guān):He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language?這里雖然使用了疑問句的形式,但實(shí)際上應(yīng)該是Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)所在,根據(jù)是該段后一句話Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy——如果Stokoe沒有形成“手語(yǔ)是一種真正的語(yǔ)言”的觀點(diǎn),文章又為何會(huì)說他的思想被視為異端邪說呢?
可以判斷B的說法是正確的。A的說法在文中也有出現(xiàn),不過原文意思是substandard是聾人自己的想法,而非Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)。
24. D
題目問大多數(shù)教育家反對(duì)Stokoe的觀點(diǎn),是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為……
A,手語(yǔ)即便是在聾人當(dāng)中也沒有得到廣泛使用。
B,手語(yǔ)因?yàn)槿斯ど侍珡?qiáng)而不能被廣泛接受。
C,一種語(yǔ)言應(yīng)該易于使用和理解。
D,語(yǔ)言只能存在于語(yǔ)音的形式下。
題目里的關(guān)鍵信息是educators,這個(gè)單詞出現(xiàn)在材料的后一段中間部分:For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound.
句意思是教育家們反對(duì)手語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、日語(yǔ)一樣屬于自然語(yǔ)言,第二句指明了教育家們自己的觀點(diǎn):語(yǔ)言必須基于語(yǔ)言。Be based on是“以……為基礎(chǔ)”的意思,意義等同于D所說的only exist,這樣D的說法就和原文一致,是正確答案。
A、B、C三個(gè)說法在文中都找不到著落點(diǎn),可以很容易地排除。
25. D
題目問Stokoe的論點(diǎn)基于他的什么想法。
A,手語(yǔ)和其他語(yǔ)言的效用一樣。
B,手語(yǔ)由自然語(yǔ)言發(fā)展而來。
C,語(yǔ)言是一種有意義的符號(hào)系統(tǒng)。
D,語(yǔ)言是大腦的產(chǎn)物。
首先需要明確這里所問的Stokoe的論點(diǎn)是什么,落腳點(diǎn)在文章的什么地方。鑒于本題是后一題,考查材料后部分的可能性很大,所以應(yīng)該先觀察文末。
可以發(fā)現(xiàn)But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space這一句。該句意思上和前面教育家們的觀點(diǎn)恰好相反,應(yīng)該就是Stokoe的論點(diǎn)。那么他的這一論點(diǎn)基于何處,答案也應(yīng)該在后一段尋找。后文引用了Stokoe的原話,提到language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff,大體意思是語(yǔ)言不是嘴上的東西,而是腦子的東西,極有可能就是答案所在。觀察四個(gè)選項(xiàng),D的說法和it’s brain stuff意義基本一致,可以判斷D就是正確答案。再觀察其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng),在文章關(guān)于Stokoe的敘述中都沒有提到過,可以排除。
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.
When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.
Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混雜英語(yǔ)). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (異端邪說).
It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (調(diào)節(jié)) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.”
21. The study of sign language is thought to be ________.
A) a new way to look at the learning of language
B) a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language
C) an approach to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language
D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language(C)
22. The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ________.
A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain
B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts
C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf
D) some senior experts in American Sign Language(C)
23. According to Stokoe, sign language is ________.
A) a Substandard language
B) a genuine language
C) an artificial language
D) an international language(B)
24. Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought ________.
A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf people
B) sign language was too artificial to be widely accepted
C) a language should be easy to use and understand
D) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds(D)
25. Stokoe’s argument is based on his belief that ________.
A) sign language is as efficient as any other language
B) sign language is derived from natural language
C) language is a system of meaningful codes
D) language is a product of the brain(D)
這篇文章內(nèi)容核心是手語(yǔ),以一位手語(yǔ)專家的研究歷程為線索,粗略介紹了手語(yǔ)研究的新觀點(diǎn):手語(yǔ)是獨(dú)立于語(yǔ)音的另一種語(yǔ)言。材料一共四段。開頭介紹了手語(yǔ)研究的進(jìn)展以及意義,“進(jìn)展”指過去的20年研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了手語(yǔ)的獨(dú)特性(realized that signed languages are unique),意義是指手語(yǔ)的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為研究大腦如何應(yīng)用與理解語(yǔ)言開辟了新的方向(a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language),同時(shí)為一個(gè)古老的科學(xué)論題帶來了新的希望:語(yǔ)言到底是天生的還是后天習(xí)得的(whether language……is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior)。之后,文章簡(jiǎn)單介紹了這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的先驅(qū)人物,以后的內(nèi)容全部都是圍繞這位先驅(qū)的研究經(jīng)歷展開的。
段末介紹了這位先驅(qū)人物Stokoe的基本信息:華盛頓特區(qū)一所聾人大學(xué)的教師。第二段便從他的教學(xué)經(jīng)歷講起,談到他被安排教授手語(yǔ)后發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象:學(xué)生們的動(dòng)作與教他的老師所講的并不一樣(students signed differently from his classroom teacher)。這就是新發(fā)現(xiàn)的契機(jī)。
接下來,文章先是簡(jiǎn)單說明一下當(dāng)時(shí)的手語(yǔ)教育狀況,以和他的新發(fā)現(xiàn)作為對(duì)比。首先是承接上文所說,講他從老師那里學(xué)來的手語(yǔ)的基本特點(diǎn):每個(gè)手勢(shì)代表英語(yǔ)里的一個(gè)單詞(each movement of the hands representing a word in English),這可以理解為手語(yǔ)實(shí)際上是語(yǔ)言的附庸。其次是人們普遍認(rèn)為美國(guó)手語(yǔ)不過是一種混雜英語(yǔ)(thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English),這里也在強(qiáng)調(diào)手語(yǔ)從屬于語(yǔ)言。之后是Stokoe自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)與思考:他認(rèn)為學(xué)生們使用的手語(yǔ)意義比人們的普遍觀點(diǎn)要更為豐富(the “hand talk” his students used looked richer),同時(shí)受到了啟發(fā):或許聾人確實(shí)擁有一種真正的語(yǔ)言。
上一段末一句說Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時(shí)過于超前,被視為學(xué)術(shù)異端,后一段時(shí)空一下跳轉(zhuǎn)到了37年以后,此時(shí)的Stokoe忙于寫作、編輯、出品美國(guó)手語(yǔ)方面的書籍報(bào)刊和視頻(writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials),同時(shí)饒有興致地為人講述這場(chǎng)“革命”是如何開始的。從這里的信息可以看出,Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)的地位已經(jīng)是今非昔比了,否則如此多的出版物不會(huì)有市場(chǎng)需求,其稱呼也不會(huì)從“異端”變?yōu)椤案锩薄2贿^,反對(duì)觀點(diǎn)依然十分強(qiáng)大,這一派認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言必須以語(yǔ)音為基礎(chǔ),是聲音的變體(language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound),而Stokoe則反駁手語(yǔ)恰恰以手的動(dòng)作為基礎(chǔ)(sign language is based on the movement of hands),譏諷道“語(yǔ)言不是嘴巴層次的東西,而是大腦層次的東西(brain stuff)。
21. B
題目問符號(hào)語(yǔ)言被認(rèn)為是一種什么。
A,一種認(rèn)識(shí)語(yǔ)言習(xí)得的新方式。
B,對(duì)語(yǔ)言本質(zhì)傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)的挑戰(zhàn)。
C,簡(jiǎn)化語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的方法。
D,明晰對(duì)語(yǔ)言起源的誤解的嘗試。
本題旨在考查段的第三句話:They offer a new way to……or whether it is a learned behavior——這是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句,大意是說手語(yǔ)提供了一種新方式來探索大腦生成和理解語(yǔ)言的方式,同時(shí)也為一個(gè)古老的問題提供了新的思維,這個(gè)古老的問題是“語(yǔ)言是與生俱來的還是后天習(xí)得的”。
A側(cè)重于語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí),指如何掌握、運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言,但原文中有關(guān)大腦如何生成語(yǔ)言這些內(nèi)容顯然比語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)要深?yuàn)W得多。所以A的說法不夠全面。
B有一定道理,因?yàn)樵闹械拇竽X生成和理解語(yǔ)言、語(yǔ)言是與生俱來還是后天習(xí)得等等問題應(yīng)該可以看作是語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)問題(nature),而原文中使用了a new way(新方式)這個(gè)詞組,可以認(rèn)為是對(duì)舊有方式的挑戰(zhàn)。
C的說法屬于無中生有,因?yàn)樵某霈F(xiàn)了complete with grammar這個(gè)詞組,所以生造出一個(gè)和語(yǔ)法相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)來迷惑考生的視線。
D把傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)視為“誤解”顯得太過武斷,從原句的表達(dá)來看,手語(yǔ)僅僅是提供了一種新的研究方式,至于新舊觀點(diǎn)哪一種是誤解并沒有做出論斷。
22. C
題目問當(dāng)前對(duì)符號(hào)語(yǔ)言日漸高漲的興趣是由誰(shuí)引發(fā)的。
A,一位研究人類大腦的著名學(xué)者。
B,一位研究文科的杰出專家。
C,一位聾人大學(xué)的英語(yǔ)教師。
D,美國(guó)符號(hào)語(yǔ)言的幾位高級(jí)專家。
這道題考查的是段的后一句話。The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher,這里的has roots in詞組是指“根源于”,應(yīng)該和題目里的stimulated意思相近??梢钥吹竭@位先驅(qū)者是一位教師(one rebel teacher),其所在的學(xué)校是專門教育聾人的文科大學(xué)(liberal arts university for deaf people)。這位老師是教授什么科目的呢?下一段開頭給出了答案:When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English——科目是英語(yǔ)。這樣答案應(yīng)該是C。
23. B
題目問在Stokoe看來,手語(yǔ)是一種……
A,一種不合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的語(yǔ)言。
B,一種真正的語(yǔ)言。
C,一種人工語(yǔ)言。
D,一種國(guó)際語(yǔ)言。
倒數(shù)第二段中有一句話與本題相關(guān):He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language?這里雖然使用了疑問句的形式,但實(shí)際上應(yīng)該是Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)所在,根據(jù)是該段后一句話Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy——如果Stokoe沒有形成“手語(yǔ)是一種真正的語(yǔ)言”的觀點(diǎn),文章又為何會(huì)說他的思想被視為異端邪說呢?
可以判斷B的說法是正確的。A的說法在文中也有出現(xiàn),不過原文意思是substandard是聾人自己的想法,而非Stokoe的觀點(diǎn)。
24. D
題目問大多數(shù)教育家反對(duì)Stokoe的觀點(diǎn),是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為……
A,手語(yǔ)即便是在聾人當(dāng)中也沒有得到廣泛使用。
B,手語(yǔ)因?yàn)槿斯ど侍珡?qiáng)而不能被廣泛接受。
C,一種語(yǔ)言應(yīng)該易于使用和理解。
D,語(yǔ)言只能存在于語(yǔ)音的形式下。
題目里的關(guān)鍵信息是educators,這個(gè)單詞出現(xiàn)在材料的后一段中間部分:For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound.
句意思是教育家們反對(duì)手語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、日語(yǔ)一樣屬于自然語(yǔ)言,第二句指明了教育家們自己的觀點(diǎn):語(yǔ)言必須基于語(yǔ)言。Be based on是“以……為基礎(chǔ)”的意思,意義等同于D所說的only exist,這樣D的說法就和原文一致,是正確答案。
A、B、C三個(gè)說法在文中都找不到著落點(diǎn),可以很容易地排除。
25. D
題目問Stokoe的論點(diǎn)基于他的什么想法。
A,手語(yǔ)和其他語(yǔ)言的效用一樣。
B,手語(yǔ)由自然語(yǔ)言發(fā)展而來。
C,語(yǔ)言是一種有意義的符號(hào)系統(tǒng)。
D,語(yǔ)言是大腦的產(chǎn)物。
首先需要明確這里所問的Stokoe的論點(diǎn)是什么,落腳點(diǎn)在文章的什么地方。鑒于本題是后一題,考查材料后部分的可能性很大,所以應(yīng)該先觀察文末。
可以發(fā)現(xiàn)But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space這一句。該句意思上和前面教育家們的觀點(diǎn)恰好相反,應(yīng)該就是Stokoe的論點(diǎn)。那么他的這一論點(diǎn)基于何處,答案也應(yīng)該在后一段尋找。后文引用了Stokoe的原話,提到language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff,大體意思是語(yǔ)言不是嘴上的東西,而是腦子的東西,極有可能就是答案所在。觀察四個(gè)選項(xiàng),D的說法和it’s brain stuff意義基本一致,可以判斷D就是正確答案。再觀察其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng),在文章關(guān)于Stokoe的敘述中都沒有提到過,可以排除。
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歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題全解析(2002-2004)
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