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    您現(xiàn)在的位置:233網(wǎng)校 >> 英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試 >> 閱讀 >> 閱讀真題 >> 文章內(nèi)容

    歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題全解析(2004-2006)

      Passage 4
      Two hours from the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest black bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.
      The streams, lakes, meadows (草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats (棲息地) are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Poconos natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy (大自然保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)) named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places”.
      Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvania, the conservancy’s bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forging partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.
      Altemose’s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family’s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.
      Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents
      “The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live there respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation effort.
      For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world’s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at www.tnc.org.
      36. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America’s “Last Great Places” is to ________.
      A) gain support from the local community
      B) protect it from irresponsible development
      C) make it a better home for black bears
      D) provide financial security for future generations(B)
      37. We learn from the passage that ________.
      A) the population in the Pocono area is growing
      B) wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidly
      C) the security of the Pocono residents is being threatened
      D) farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast(A)
      38. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?
      A) The setting up of an environmental protection website
      B) Support from organizations like The Nature Conservancy
      C) Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders
      D) Inclusion of farmlands in the region’s protection program(C)
      39. What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence” (Line 1, Para. 5)?
      A) Financial contributions from local business leaders
      B) Consideration of the interests of the local residents
      C) The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area
      D) The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area(D)
      40. The passage most probably is ________.
      A) an official document
      B) a news story
      C) an advertisement
      D) a research report(D)
      這是一篇推廣目的很強(qiáng)的實(shí)用性文章,文末給出了聯(lián)系方式,可見這篇文章有頭有尾,不同于許多閱讀真題中的節(jié)選材料。完整引用原文也使這篇材料段落較多,內(nèi)容較長(zhǎng),加大了閱讀的難度。
      文章的主要內(nèi)容是介紹美國(guó)一處自然野生環(huán)境面臨遭到破壞的危險(xiǎn),以及相關(guān)人員和機(jī)構(gòu)為保護(hù)這一自然環(huán)境奔走努力的經(jīng)歷,寫作目的是吸引公眾對(duì)此事的關(guān)注,從而為這一野生環(huán)境的保護(hù)贏得更多的社會(huì)力量。
      全文一共七段,前兩段按部就班道出了文章的核心內(nèi)容。開頭介紹了這一野生環(huán)境的基本情況,如大體位置(Two hours from the tall buildings),主要物種(生長(zhǎng)著黑熊)。第二段介紹這一地區(qū)所面臨的威脅——空地受到房地產(chǎn)建設(shè)的威脅,棲息地受到高速公路建設(shè)的威脅——以及相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的環(huán)保努力(NatureConservancy named the area one of……)。
      接下來(lái)的二段繼續(xù)對(duì)NatureConservancy機(jī)構(gòu)的環(huán)保行動(dòng)做進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明。第三段引出了該機(jī)構(gòu)的工作人員Cook,敘述他保護(hù)這一地區(qū)環(huán)境的具體做法:主要是與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈蜕虡I(yè)領(lǐng)袖共同合作(working with local people and business leaders)。段落后指出他的工作卓有成效(protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land)。第三段是從環(huán)保機(jī)構(gòu)的角度進(jìn)行敘述,第四段則從當(dāng)?shù)厝说慕嵌戎v述環(huán)保工作的效果。文章以Altemoses的家庭為例,敘述他們二年前接受Conservancy的環(huán)保計(jì)劃后的變化,一是土地受到保護(hù)(land can be protected from development),二是獲得了經(jīng)濟(jì)上保障(a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson)。
      行文至此,讀者可知這樣一個(gè)信息,Conservancy機(jī)構(gòu)的環(huán)保工作是成功的。后面兩段馬上經(jīng)Cook之口說(shuō)出了他們成功的秘訣,即與當(dāng)?shù)厝撕献鳎╬rotecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community),原因是當(dāng)?shù)厝藷釔奂亦l(xiāng)的自然環(huán)境,他們有強(qiáng)烈的保護(hù)家鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境的愿望,更能協(xié)助該機(jī)構(gòu)開展工作。
      文章后給出了免費(fèi)電話和網(wǎng)站地址,希望更多的人能夠了解和參與該機(jī)構(gòu)的環(huán)保行動(dòng)。
      36. B
      題目問(wèn)把Poconos稱為美國(guó)后的偉大之地是為了什么。
      A,獲得當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的支持。
      B,保護(hù)該地不受不負(fù)責(zé)任的開發(fā)。
      C,使其成為黑熊的更好的棲息地。
      D,為未來(lái)幾代人提供經(jīng)濟(jì)保障。
      題目中的關(guān)鍵詞Last Great Places出現(xiàn)在第二段末尾:To protect the Poconosnatural beauty from irresponsible development, the NatureConservancy named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places”,主句正好是題目所述內(nèi)容,而由to引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句無(wú)疑表明了此命名的目的所在。
      Protect the Poconos natural beauty from irresponsible development,這里使用了一個(gè)詞組protect sth. from sth.,意思是保護(hù)……不受……(的侵害),則本句意思就是保護(hù)Poconos的自然美景不受不負(fù)責(zé)任的開發(fā)的侵害。B的說(shuō)法恰好與此一致,可以說(shuō)本題是一道送分題。
      37. A
      題目問(wèn)我們能從文章中得知什么。
      A,Pocono地區(qū)的人口正在增長(zhǎng)。
      B,Pocono地區(qū)的野生動(dòng)植物正在迅速地滅絕。
      C,Pocono地區(qū)居民的安全正受到威脅。
      D,Pocono地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)用地正快速地縮減。
      四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別從Pocono地區(qū)的人口數(shù)量、野生動(dòng)植物、居民安全和農(nóng)業(yè)用地幾方面進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。
      有關(guān)人口的描述從第二段中可以找到,an ideal place forblack bears have also attracted more people to the region,意思是Pocono作為美景之地吸引了越來(lái)越多的人來(lái)此,后文還提到了房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)和公路建設(shè),可見該地區(qū)人口確實(shí)在增長(zhǎng)。A是正確的。
      有關(guān)野生動(dòng)植物的描述為Open spaces arethreatened by plans for housing estates and importanthabitats are endangered by highway construction,這里的謂語(yǔ)是are threatened,意思是受到威脅,可見并不是像B所說(shuō)的到了滅絕的地步。
      有關(guān)居民安全的描述并沒(méi)有提到,可以排除C。
      至于農(nóng)業(yè)用地問(wèn)題,文章確實(shí)有所描述。文章后半部分曾講到hisfamily’s land can be protected from development,說(shuō)明農(nóng)業(yè)用地可能受到了開發(fā)的影響。但文章沒(méi)有就這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行詳述,也就無(wú)從得知農(nóng)業(yè)用地的縮減情況到底如何,所以,D所說(shuō)的“快速”縮減不能認(rèn)為是正確的。
      38. C
      根據(jù)Cook的說(shuō)法,在保護(hù)Poconos的問(wèn)題上哪一點(diǎn)是重要的。
      A,建立一個(gè)環(huán)境保護(hù)網(wǎng)站。
      B,得到諸如The Nature Conservancy等機(jī)構(gòu)的支持。
      C,與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈蜕虡I(yè)領(lǐng)袖的合作。
      D,將農(nóng)業(yè)用地納入當(dāng)?shù)氐谋Wo(hù)體系。
      題目的關(guān)鍵信息是Cook,這個(gè)人物在第三段中開始出現(xiàn),Cook is working withlocal people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmentalprotection,這一句意思是Cook正與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈蜕虡I(yè)領(lǐng)袖合作,在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和環(huán)境保護(hù)之間求得平衡。Cook第二次出場(chǎng)是在倒數(shù)第三段,把機(jī)構(gòu)的成功歸因于與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦暮献鳎╤avinga local presence and a commitment to working with local residents)。倒數(shù)第二段直接引用了Cook的原話,句大意是保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境的關(guān)鍵(the key)是與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)保持合作,此后的幾句解釋了這一說(shuō)法的道理所在(Theyare eager to help with conservation effort)。
      從Cook的言行可以看出,在保護(hù)Poconos的問(wèn)題上,與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦暮献魇侵陵P(guān)重要的,尤其是倒數(shù)第二段還直接指出了這一點(diǎn)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中C的說(shuō)法為準(zhǔn)確。
      39. D
      Cook所說(shuō)的having a local presence是什么意思。
      A,當(dāng)?shù)厣虡I(yè)領(lǐng)袖資金支持。
      B,把當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦睦婕{入到考慮當(dāng)中。
      C,在該地區(qū)建立一個(gè)野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)基金。
      D,在Pocono地區(qū)建立NatureConservancy的分支機(jī)構(gòu)。
      Having a local presence直譯為“在當(dāng)?shù)爻霈F(xiàn)”,其語(yǔ)言環(huán)境是這樣的:Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having alocal presence and a commitment to working with local residents,基本結(jié)構(gòu)為sb. attributes sth. to sth.,“某人把某事歸因于某事”。這句話的漢語(yǔ)意思是Cook把該機(jī)構(gòu)的成功歸因于having a local presence和致力于與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦暮献?,commitment是“奉獻(xiàn)”的意思,而非“實(shí)行”,所以to在這里作為介詞連接奉獻(xiàn)的對(duì)象。
      從句意可以判斷出,這個(gè)presence至少是和Conservancy聯(lián)系相當(dāng)緊密,應(yīng)該是從該機(jī)構(gòu)角度出發(fā)的presence,所以,從商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖角度出發(fā)的A就不對(duì)了。C所說(shuō)的基金在文中從未提及,也可以排除。B所說(shuō)的consideration(考慮)和presence(出現(xiàn)、存在)詞義上距離過(guò)遠(yuǎn),為正確答案的可能性不大。
      從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上判斷,having a local presence應(yīng)該和a commitment to working withlocal residents存在緊密的聯(lián)系,很有可能是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,后者有可能是對(duì)前者的解釋說(shuō)明。如果把presence視為D所說(shuō)的分支結(jié)構(gòu),那么acommitment to working with local residents這里所述的“奉獻(xiàn)”就是由這個(gè)分支機(jī)構(gòu)做出的。從道理上講,這樣分析是說(shuō)得通的。所以本題選擇D。
      40.C
      這道題是問(wèn)這篇材料有可能是一篇什么。
      A,官方文檔。
      B,新聞故事。
      C,廣告。
      D,研究報(bào)告。
      作為本篇后一道題,這道題很像是對(duì)全篇的考查。若去綜合全篇內(nèi)容,作出判斷有一定難度,因?yàn)閹讉€(gè)答案似乎都有一定的道理,但又都似乎都不是具備完全的說(shuō)服力。
      其實(shí)本題依然考查后一段。后一段給出了電話和網(wǎng)址,說(shuō)明該文檔前文的部分應(yīng)該是起到一個(gè)宣傳作用,目的是希望得到讀者的同情與關(guān)注,進(jìn)而通過(guò)電話、網(wǎng)站參與到環(huán)境保護(hù)活動(dòng)。由此可見這篇材料應(yīng)該是一篇公益廣告。C是正確的。

      熱門推薦:
      歷年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀真題全解析(2002-2004)
      2011年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀試題及答案匯總

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