答案精析

Part I Writing

【范文】
The Habit of Smoking
It is universally acknowledgedthat the habit of smoking is obnoxious and frowned upon, since many bad things,such as lung cancer and other diseases, are connected with smoking. It poses apotential danger to both the smokers themselves and the non-smokers who breathein the secondhand smoke, which is even more harmful.
China has a large smokerpopulation. To make things worse, the people who smoke have been on the rise ona daily basis. Some people, especially youngsters, pick up smoking because theythink it cool. Meanwhile, many others regard smoking cigarettes as a way torelease pressure or an important lubricant in the social relationship.
The sad thing about all this isthat many people, knowing smoking is a bad habit, still hold on to it.
Currently, perhaps it is not easy to ban the tobacco industry, but it ispossible to enforce the no-smoking policy in all public places, making it moreand more difficult and inconvenient for smokers to smoke and at the same time,ensuring people who do not smoke to have fresh air to breathe.  "
【譯文】
吸煙的習(xí)慣
人們都知道吸煙這一習(xí)慣是令人反感和不快的，因?yàn)楹芏嗖缓玫氖虑?例如肺癌和其他疾病)都與吸煙有關(guān)。吸煙不僅對(duì)吸煙者本身構(gòu)成潛在的危害，對(duì)吸二手煙的不吸煙者也同樣如此，而且二手煙的危害更大。
中國(guó)的煙民數(shù)量十分龐大，更糟糕的是，吸煙的人數(shù)每天都在攀升。一些人(尤其是青少年)開(kāi)始吸煙是因?yàn)樗麄冇X(jué)得吸煙很酷。與此同時(shí)，還有很多人認(rèn)為吸煙是一種緩解壓力的方式，也是社會(huì)關(guān)系中重要的潤(rùn)滑劑。這一切所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果就是許多人即使知道吸煙是一種不好的習(xí)慣，也仍然不肯戒煙。
目前看來(lái)，取締整個(gè)煙草行業(yè)可能并非易事，但是我們可以執(zhí)行在公共場(chǎng)合禁止吸煙的政策。這樣，既可以使煙民吸煙更加困難和不便，又可以保證不吸煙的人能夠呼吸到新鮮的空氣。
【要點(diǎn)用法】
obnoxious令人討厭的
lubricant潤(rùn)滑劑
flown upon不贊成的
hold on to堅(jiān)持，不放棄
second hand smoke二手煙
enforce執(zhí)行
cigarette香煙
ensure確保
【句法點(diǎn)評(píng)】
1．It is universally acknowledged that the habit of smoking isobnoxious and frowned upon，since many bad things，such as lung cancer and other diseases，areconnected with smoking．全篇首句，引出話題。be obnoxious and frownedupon點(diǎn)出吸煙不受歡迎這一事實(shí)。since引出對(duì)主要原因的闡述。such as lung cancer and other diseases為插入語(yǔ)。
2．To make things worse，the people who smokehave been on the rise on a daily basis．
to make things worse意為“使事情更糟糕的是……”。be on the rise意為“在逐漸增加、上升”。On a daily basis意為“每天”，可用于替換常用表達(dá)every day。這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)都是非常地道的表達(dá)方式，值得積累。
3．The sad thing about all this is that many people，knowing smoking is a bad habit，still hold onto it。that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，其中的knowingsmoking is a bad habit是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)，也是插入語(yǔ)。hold onto意為“堅(jiān)持，不放棄”，等同于stick to。
4．…but it is possible to enforce the no—smoking policy in all public places，making it more and more difficult．．．a(chǎn)nd atthe same time，ensuring people who do not smoke．．．to enforce a policy為固定搭配，意為“推行某一政策”，making…和ensuring…為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，均為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。

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