2015年英語四級考試每日一練(8月28日)
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1、Questions are based on the following passage.
Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romanticrelationship can be swayed by the society we.live in.So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from theUniversity of San Francisco.She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond tomaximise (使化) reproductive success.
Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures tostay married.In those where ties to family and commtmity are strong, lifelong marriages can bepromoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seenas a contract between two families, not just two individuals.In modern western societies, however, thefocus on ndividuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (遵守 ) the dictates of family and culture.In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds,O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that shoulddetermine who we stay with and for how long."That's why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships," she says.
According to O'Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually doexperience, when in love.Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love-fear of loss,disappointment and jealousy-are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. "If youask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highlythings like loyalty, commitment and devotion," says O'Sullivan. "If you ask American college women,they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing,funny and a friend."
We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romanticlove should feel like.If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you thatthis is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or familypressures to keep couples together, O'Sullivan argues.
What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship?
A.They vary from culture to culture.
B.They ensure the reproductive success.
C.They reflect the evolutionary process.
D.They are influenced by psychologists.
2、聽錄音,回答題
A.They were not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.
3、Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US,the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday.These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples,as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(嚴(yán)厲的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February.(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious”,(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules.
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive,”says Gerry Stimson,a UKconsultant who supports“l(fā)east harm"’solutions to health problems.“It is clear that the FDA process,(42)__________the EU,follows the science,but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years,during which the products and the market will develop.”
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes,which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco,only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down,because unlike other nicotine replacement products,they closely(45)__________cigarettes,both in appearance and use.
注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
A.popular
B.restrictions
C.potential
D.importance
E.despite
F.provoke
G.a(chǎn)nnounced
H.like
I.resemble
J.proponents
K.maintain
L.pragmatic
M.claim
N.reduced
O.unlike
根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容,回答題。
第36題應(yīng)填__________.
簡答題
4、與全國大多數(shù)其他城市的人相比. 廣州人的平均收入很高。小康之家越來越多。因此,廣州人上館子很常見。廣州的餐館整天賓客滿座,因為廣州人似乎特愛享用美食。他們喜歡上館子喝早茶(morning tea )。在那里,小推車(carts)上裝著各種“點心”(dim sum)。從一個桌子推到另一個桌子, 供應(yīng)顧客。周末一大早,從7點開始很多人就起床,在各種餐館里邊喝茶,邊吃早餐,邊和朋友聊天。
5、中國結(jié)(the Chinese lmot.初是由手工藝人發(fā)明的,經(jīng)過數(shù)百年不斷的改進(jìn),已經(jīng)成為一種優(yōu)雅多彩的藝術(shù)和工藝。在古代,人們用它來記錄事件,但現(xiàn)在主要用于裝飾的目的?!敖Y(jié)”在中文里意味著愛情、婚姻和團(tuán)聚。中國結(jié)常常作為禮物交換或用作飾品祈求好運和避邪。這種形式的手工藝(handicraft.代代相傳,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在中國和世界各地越來越受歡迎。
6、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
7、 過去的七年,中國的房地產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)歷了前所未有的高速增長。對于那些月薪較低卻渴望在大城市擁有一個屬于自己的體面、舒適的棲身之所的人來說,高昂的房價是他們無法承受的負(fù)擔(dān)。鑒于這一狀況,政府近來采取了一系列的措施來防止房價過快增長,包括提高利率及征收房產(chǎn)稅等。目前,這些措施在部分城市已經(jīng)取得了初步的成效。
8、為了促進(jìn)教育公平,中國已投入360億元.用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育渡施和加強中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育(compuisory education).這些資金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施、購買書籍,使16萬多所中小學(xué)收益.資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材?,F(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的。兒童可以與沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂盒繪畫課.一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到了本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。
9、“抱抱團(tuán)”(Free HuggerS)是一項公益行為藝術(shù)活動,源于國外。它通過在街頭宣傳,與主動上前的陌生人擁抱的形式,向社會傳遞“拒絕冷漠”、“互相關(guān)愛”的主題。 “抱抱團(tuán)”的行為受到了眾人的關(guān)注,也引起了許多的爭議。有人認(rèn)為,街頭擁抱拉近了陌生人之間的感情;也有人認(rèn)為,僅靠這種活動消除不了陌生人之間的冷漠,況且中國人比較含蓄,采取這樣的形式有作秀之嫌(pub |i.c j ty stunt)。
10、麻將是中國人主要的休閑娛樂之一。它起源于中國,其歷史可追溯到三四千年以前。麻將原是皇家和王公貴族們的游戲,在長期的歷史演變過程中,逐步從宮廷流傳到民間,到清朝中期基本定型。麻將自1920年傳入美國后。受歡迎的程度并不比在中國遜色。在南加州就常常舉辦麻將比賽。有人說,麻將之所以在國外那么受歡迎,正是源于外國人對中國古老文化的認(rèn)知和認(rèn)同(recogn i t i on and acceptance)。
1、Questions are based on the following passage.
Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romanticrelationship can be swayed by the society we.live in.So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from theUniversity of San Francisco.She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond tomaximise (使化) reproductive success.
Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures tostay married.In those where ties to family and commtmity are strong, lifelong marriages can bepromoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seenas a contract between two families, not just two individuals.In modern western societies, however, thefocus on ndividuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (遵守 ) the dictates of family and culture.In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds,O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that shoulddetermine who we stay with and for how long."That's why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships," she says.
According to O'Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually doexperience, when in love.Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love-fear of loss,disappointment and jealousy-are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. "If youask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highlythings like loyalty, commitment and devotion," says O'Sullivan. "If you ask American college women,they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing,funny and a friend."
We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romanticlove should feel like.If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you thatthis is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or familypressures to keep couples together, O'Sullivan argues.
What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship?
A.They vary from culture to culture.
B.They ensure the reproductive success.
C.They reflect the evolutionary process.
D.They are influenced by psychologists.
2、聽錄音,回答題
A.They were not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.
3、Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US,the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday.These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples,as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(嚴(yán)厲的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February.(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious”,(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules.
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive,”says Gerry Stimson,a UKconsultant who supports“l(fā)east harm"’solutions to health problems.“It is clear that the FDA process,(42)__________the EU,follows the science,but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years,during which the products and the market will develop.”
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes,which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco,only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down,because unlike other nicotine replacement products,they closely(45)__________cigarettes,both in appearance and use.
注意:此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。
A.popular
B.restrictions
C.potential
D.importance
E.despite
F.provoke
G.a(chǎn)nnounced
H.like
I.resemble
J.proponents
K.maintain
L.pragmatic
M.claim
N.reduced
O.unlike
根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容,回答題。
第36題應(yīng)填__________.
簡答題
4、與全國大多數(shù)其他城市的人相比. 廣州人的平均收入很高。小康之家越來越多。因此,廣州人上館子很常見。廣州的餐館整天賓客滿座,因為廣州人似乎特愛享用美食。他們喜歡上館子喝早茶(morning tea )。在那里,小推車(carts)上裝著各種“點心”(dim sum)。從一個桌子推到另一個桌子, 供應(yīng)顧客。周末一大早,從7點開始很多人就起床,在各種餐館里邊喝茶,邊吃早餐,邊和朋友聊天。
5、中國結(jié)(the Chinese lmot.初是由手工藝人發(fā)明的,經(jīng)過數(shù)百年不斷的改進(jìn),已經(jīng)成為一種優(yōu)雅多彩的藝術(shù)和工藝。在古代,人們用它來記錄事件,但現(xiàn)在主要用于裝飾的目的?!敖Y(jié)”在中文里意味著愛情、婚姻和團(tuán)聚。中國結(jié)常常作為禮物交換或用作飾品祈求好運和避邪。這種形式的手工藝(handicraft.代代相傳,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在中國和世界各地越來越受歡迎。
6、 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
7、 過去的七年,中國的房地產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)歷了前所未有的高速增長。對于那些月薪較低卻渴望在大城市擁有一個屬于自己的體面、舒適的棲身之所的人來說,高昂的房價是他們無法承受的負(fù)擔(dān)。鑒于這一狀況,政府近來采取了一系列的措施來防止房價過快增長,包括提高利率及征收房產(chǎn)稅等。目前,這些措施在部分城市已經(jīng)取得了初步的成效。
8、為了促進(jìn)教育公平,中國已投入360億元.用于改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)教育渡施和加強中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育(compuisory education).這些資金用于改善教學(xué)設(shè)施、購買書籍,使16萬多所中小學(xué)收益.資金還用于購置音樂和繪畫器材?,F(xiàn)在農(nóng)村和山區(qū)的。兒童可以與沿海城市的兒童一樣上音樂盒繪畫課.一些為接受更好教育而轉(zhuǎn)往城市上學(xué)的學(xué)生如今又回到了本地農(nóng)村學(xué)校就讀。
9、“抱抱團(tuán)”(Free HuggerS)是一項公益行為藝術(shù)活動,源于國外。它通過在街頭宣傳,與主動上前的陌生人擁抱的形式,向社會傳遞“拒絕冷漠”、“互相關(guān)愛”的主題。 “抱抱團(tuán)”的行為受到了眾人的關(guān)注,也引起了許多的爭議。有人認(rèn)為,街頭擁抱拉近了陌生人之間的感情;也有人認(rèn)為,僅靠這種活動消除不了陌生人之間的冷漠,況且中國人比較含蓄,采取這樣的形式有作秀之嫌(pub |i.c j ty stunt)。
10、麻將是中國人主要的休閑娛樂之一。它起源于中國,其歷史可追溯到三四千年以前。麻將原是皇家和王公貴族們的游戲,在長期的歷史演變過程中,逐步從宮廷流傳到民間,到清朝中期基本定型。麻將自1920年傳入美國后。受歡迎的程度并不比在中國遜色。在南加州就常常舉辦麻將比賽。有人說,麻將之所以在國外那么受歡迎,正是源于外國人對中國古老文化的認(rèn)知和認(rèn)同(recogn i t i on and acceptance)。
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