答案精析

Part I                         Writing
[范文]
The Traffic Jam
The traffic jam is a serious problem in big cities. During therush hours, traffic may sometimes be held up for as long as more than an hour.Students are late for classes; workers of every walk of life are late for work;and travelers miss their trains or flights. The inconvenience caused by trafficjams is so much that everyone agrees something must be done about it.
First, we must find out the cause of the problem. Most peopleblame it on the increasing numbers of cars.
Yet this is only one factor. Another reason is the relativelyunder-developed infrastructure construction, namely,the lack of wide roads,streets and highways. Furthermore, people's weak sense of traffic regulationsmay result in more road accidents that in turn add to the seriousness oftraffic jams.
To solve the problem, stiffer punishment for breaking trafficrules is necessary. Besides, a long-term planning of road construction must betaken into consideration. Still another solution will be the advocacy of publictransports and car-pool, an effective means to increase the transport capacityduring rush hours.
【譯文】
交通擁堵
交通擁堵是大城市所面臨的一個嚴重問題。在高峰期間，交通堵塞可能會長達一個多小時。學生上課遲到，各行各業(yè)的職工上班遲到，旅客誤了火車或者飛機。交通擁堵帶來了如此大的不便，幾乎人人都贊同必須采取一些措施了。首先，我們必須找到問題的原因。大部分人都會責怪越來越多的私家車數(shù)量造成了這種狀況。但這只是一方面因素。另一個原因是基礎設施建設相對落后，也就是道路不夠寬闊。此外，人們交通規(guī)則意識的淡薄可能會導致路上的事故增多，這反過來又會加劇交通擁堵的嚴重程度。為解決這一問題，必須對違反交通規(guī)則的行為進行更為嚴厲的處罰。此外，必須考慮道路建設的長期規(guī)劃。另一個解決方法就是倡導公共交通和拼車出行，這可以有效增加高峰期間的運載能力。
【要點用法】
hold up使停止，使停頓    stiff嚴厲的，嚴格的
every walk of life各行各業(yè)   advocacy提倡，倡導
inconvenience不便public transpoa公共交通
infrastructure基礎設施   car—pool拼車(多人合坐一輛車)
【句法點評】
1．The inconvenience caused by traffic jams is so much that everyoneagrees something must be done about it．本句主體為so…that…結構。caused by traffic jams為后置定語，修飾inconvenience。agrees后接省略了that的賓語從句。
2．Most people blame it on the increasing numbers of cars．
blame it on sth．是一個亮點表達，意為“責怪……，將責任推到……身上”。先說most people的觀點，后文再給出作者自己能想到的其他原因，使得論述更為嚴謹。
3．Furthermore，people’s weak sense of trafficregulations may result in more road accidents that in turn add to theseriousness of traffic jams first，another reason，furthermore將第二段概括為三點主要內容，層次清晰。weak sense of trafficregula—tions意為“交通規(guī)則意識的淡薄”。result in意為“導致”，用于引出結果。inturn意為“反過來”，serious—mess為抽象名詞，兩者的用法都比較地道。

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