單項(xiàng)選擇題
1、閱讀下文，回答題
Master’s of Your Own Field.
A）In the face of a fearsome job market and high graduate unemployment levels，postgraduate education is booming. More than 270，000 students returned to university to add a dash of postgraduate flash to their CVs in the previous year：demand for master’s degrees surged 27％.while the number of PhD candidates rose 9％.And the latest research suggests that those currently sweating over postgraduate thesis proposals can sit back and look content. Postgraduate Education in the United Kingdom, A paper published by the British Library and the Higher Education Pokey Institute（Hepi），found that，three and a half years after graduation，94％of postgraduates found work in the professions，compared to78％of undergraduates.
B）There were more reasons to smile from the Higher Education Careers Services Unit，whose research into graduate market trends confirmed that master's graduates experienced lower rates of unemployment during the recession than their first-degree peers. But that extra employability comes at a cost. The average price tag attached to a one-year master’s course for a domestic student has risen to$4，000. The average cost of an MBA, meanwhile，has hit $12，000.Add that expense to the growing concern that universities’ ability to provide advanced learning could be hit by staffing cuts and funding squeezes，and the outlook for postgraduate education looks less rosy.
C）Those worries come out in the Hepi report，which also shows that the pay premium（獎金）for postgraduates is decreasing．ne report’s authors admit that postgraduate study may “no longer carry the weight it used to，as increasing numbers of postgraduate qualifiers compete for jobs in UK workplaces”．They also admit that as the financial returns from higher study decrease while fees rise，“it may become increasingly difficult for those from less economically secure backgrounds to consider this course”．That’s one of the issues being tackled in an official review of postgraduate education currently being undertaken by the Department for Business，Innovation and Skills．
D）For now，however，rising fees and lower salary premiums mean wannabe-postgraduates need to be discerning（有辨別力的）when choosing a course．One crucial thing to look at，according to Carl Gilleard，chief executive of the Association of Graduate Recruiters，is how the course will help you meet your future employment aims．“If postgraduate qualifications are undertaken for the right reason, and the graduate is able to explain their value to prospective employers，they can certainly be very worthwhile additions to CVs．”he says “7Ihe desirability of a postgraduate degree varies between sectors--in science and engineering a postgraduate qualification is often a requirement．a(chǎn)nd in investment banking an MBA is seen by many as invaluable when supported by Structured work experience．But if the real reason is to delay the job search or as a last resort after failing to secure a job，then it is not going to be a worthwhile exercise．”
E）Gilleard also advises postgraduate students to carry out work experience while studying．“It’s important to find ways to build on employability skills--the majority of recruiters think that the ability to demonstrate the competencies required for a role is just as important as having an additional academic qualification．”
F）That was an important consideration for Jamie Esterkin，23，from Manchester, who graduated with a law degree from Nottingham University in 2008．He knew that one day he wanted to work as a lawyer．but decided to do a master's in another subject to broaden his knowledge first．“l(fā) was interested in property and business，and wanted to sample life in London，so I chose to do a master’s in real estate development at the University of Westminster．”Esterkin explains．“I thought it would be especially useful if I choose to specialise in real estate law one day．”
G）He began searching websites and university introductions，looking for a course that covered a range of property topics．had a strong reputation and offered good value for money．“I found that business and property postgraduate courses at many London universities cost upwards of￡20，000 for a single year，but they mainly covered similar areas．”The price tag was one of the things that drew Esterkin to the Westminster course：he could fund the￡5，000 fee through savings，help from his parents and a part-time job．
H）“Looking back，I think it represented good value for money--the teaching was excellent and the course was interesting and varied，”he says．“The postgraduate learning style was more practical，with hands—on experience that helped me gain a better understanding of the workings of the commercial world．”Esterkin has now returned for a final year of legal study，having secured a training contract with a City firm next year．“Given the level of competition in law, I definitely think that my postgraduate degree．helped to distinguish me from the crowd,” he says. His tip for future postgraduates is to work harder from the start．“Postgraduate courses are taught and examined in a very different way from undergraduate degrees，and as they only last nine months，it’s tough to judge the level you need to succeed．”
I）The drive to find a good job was also a key motivation for Lauren Dolan，22，from Bath， who graduated with a degree in management systems from Manchester Metropolitan University in June 2008．She chose to engage in master’s study with one eye on the competitive graduate job market and another on the gloomy economic climate．“l(fā) wanted to have something over and above an undergraduate degree to make me stand out from other candidates，”she says．Although she had had weekend and holiday jobs since she was 15，a lack of professional work experience led her to choose a master's in advanced management practice at Bath University’s business school，which included a six-month work placement in industry．
J）“The course gave me a very sold foundation，both in terms of theoretical knowledge and practical．work experience?！盌olan explains．She spent her placement working at yoghurt-maker Danone，where she says：“l(fā) was given responsibility from the start and the very varied tasks enabled me to develop my skills．”The fact that she successfully appHed for a permanent job at the firm after graduation：．meails that Dolan feels the￡12，000 tuition fees were a worthy investment．She adds：“Although itinitially sounds expensive，I started work the day after my course ended，so it was definitelyworthwhile．”

Carl Gilleard suggests that one should choose a course based on future employment aims．


2、Questionsare based on the following passage．
Junk food is everywhere．We're eating way too much ．of it．Most of us know what we're doing and．yet we do it anyway．So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it's displayed?
"Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖癥) assume ．that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and ．therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods," note the two researchers．"In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance  like food--of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems．"
The research references studies of people's behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods．Among them: Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already ．sell alcohol．These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink．
Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it．SO why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren't primarily food stores?
Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities．At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they're easily seen．One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines．The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products．
What does the author say about junk food?
A．People should be educated not to eat too much．
B．It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation．
C．Its temptation is too strong for people to resist．
D．It causes more harm than is generally realized．．


3、聽錄音,回答題

A． Since he found a girlfriend．
B． Since he took to heavy smoldng．
C． Since he began to exercise regularly．
D． Since he started to live on his own．


4、Questions are based on the following passage.
When we talk about Americans barely into adulthood who are saddled with unbearable levels of debt, the conversation is almost always about student loan debt．But there's a growing body of evidence suggesting that today's young adults are als0 drowning in credit-card debt--and that many of them will take this debt to their graves.
More than 20% overspent their income by more than $100 every single month．Since they .haven't built up their credit histories yet, it's a safe bet that these young adults are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt.
Although many young people blame "socializing" as a barrier to saving money, most of them aren't knocking back $20 drinks in trendy (時(shí)尚的)lounges．They're struggling with much more daily financial demands.
To a disturbingly large extent, the young and the broke are relying on credit cards to make it until their next payday．This obviously isn't sustainable in the long run, and it's going to put a huge drag on their spending power even after they reach their peak earning years, because they'll still be paying interest on that bottle of orange juice or box of spaghetti (意式面條)they bought a decade earlier.
A new study out of Ohio State University found that young adults are accumulating credit card debt at a more rapid rate than other age groups, and that they're slower at paying it off． "If what we found continues to hold true, we may have more elderly people with substantial financial problems in the future," warns Lucia Dunn, professor of economics at Ohio State． "If our findings persist, we may be faced with a financial crisis among elderly people who can't pay off their credit cards."
Dunn says a lot of these young people are never going to get out from under their credit card debt."Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit card issuing banks."
What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．Many young Americans will never be able to pay off their debts.
B．Credit cards play .an increasingly important role in college life.
C．Credit cards are doing more haxm than student loans.
D．The American credit card system is under criticism.


填空題
5、 __________



簡答題
6、餃子（Jiaozi．）是人們在中國新年及北方常年吃的主要食物之一。餃子的發(fā)音聽起來與早的紙幣的名字相似。所以吃餃子被認(rèn)為會帶來幸運(yùn)。很多家庭在除夕夜吃餃子。有些廚師會藏一枚干凈的硬幣，讓幸運(yùn)的人找到它。常見的餃子肉餡包括豬肉、牛肉、雞肉以及魚肉，這些肉餡通常會與切碎的蔬菜混合在一起。吃餃子時(shí)拌有包含醋、大蒜或速拯醬（hot sauce．的以醬油（soy sauce．為基礎(chǔ)的沾醬。

7、大熊貓(giant pandA．是一種溫順的動物，長著獨(dú)特的黑白皮毛。因其數(shù)量極少，大熊貓已被列為瀕危物種。大熊貓對于世界自然基金會(WWF)有著特殊意義。自1961年該基金會成立以來，大熊貓就一直是它的徽標(biāo)。大熊貓是熊科中稀有的成員，主要生活在中國西南部的森林里。目前。世界上大約有1000只大熊貓。這些以竹為食的動物正面臨許多威脅。因此，確保大熊貓的生存比以往更重要。


8、 筷子,(chopstick)起源于中國古代，一直是中國飲食文化重要的一部分。我們的祖先喜歡吃蒸煮食物，但用勺子很難舀到湯里的蔬菜，所以發(fā)明了筷子。從此，筷子成為他們生活中為方便的餐具，標(biāo)志著飲食文明的到來。如今，筷子除了具有餐具功能外，增添了很多新功能。熟練手藝人在筷子上描繪美麗的風(fēng)景，使之變成精美的藝術(shù)品。許多人熱衷于收集筷子作為藏品。


9、啟動更多的國際交流項(xiàng)目，把中國大學(xué)生送去國外參加文化和教育交流是大勢所趨。這是中國國際化的一部分。隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的發(fā)展，大學(xué)生需要意識到具備全球化視角的重要性：越來越多的國際交流項(xiàng)目使得國內(nèi)大學(xué)生有機(jī)會去體驗(yàn)異國文化，盡管許多學(xué)生不得不離開_-各自的“舒適區(qū)”，但這種經(jīng)歷十分令人難忘。與此同時(shí)，中國也從日益頻繁的思想、知識和文化交流中獲益匪淺。


10、 大熊貓(giant panda)是一種溫順的動物，長著獨(dú)特的黑白皮毛。因其數(shù)量極少，大熊貓已經(jīng)被列為瀕危物種。大熊貓對于世界自然基金會(WWF)有著特殊的意義。自1961年該基金會成立以來，大熊貓就一直是它的徽標(biāo)。大熊貓是熊科中稀有的成員，主要生活在中國西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大約有l(wèi) 000只大熊貓。這些以竹為食的動物正面臨許多威脅。因此，確保大熊貓的生存比以往更重要。