2017年11月成人學(xué)位英語考試詞匯語法試題及答案二十四
1.The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.
A. rough
B. tough
C. rigid
D. bold
B.?？疾樾稳菰~語義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項(xiàng)B.tough，get tough with/on sb.意為“對(duì)……采取堅(jiān)決態(tài)度;對(duì)……采用強(qiáng)硬手段”。其余選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.rough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大致的”;選項(xiàng)C.rigid行為觀點(diǎn)等.嚴(yán)格的，死板的，不易改變的;選項(xiàng)D.bold意為“勇敢的，無畏的;冒失的，魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強(qiáng)硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。
2.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.
A. in accordance with
B. in conflict with
C. in favor of
D. in response to
B.?？疾榻樵~短語的語義。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.in accordance with依照，根據(jù);選項(xiàng)B.in conflict with與……相沖突;選項(xiàng)C.in favor of支持，贊同;選項(xiàng)D.in response to作為對(duì)……的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)B.為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會(huì)主要是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)其不熟悉或者是因?yàn)榕c我們?cè)械挠^點(diǎn)相矛盾”。
3.The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.
A. assemble
B. generate
C. yield
D. gather
B.?？疾閯?dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.assemble意為“集合，聚集，召集;裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall. 全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions. 在你組裝模型飛機(jī)前，先讀說明書。選項(xiàng)B.generate意為“生成，產(chǎn)生光、熱、電等.;引起興趣等.”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement. 女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項(xiàng)C.yield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生利潤、回報(bào)等.;投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits. 他的生意利潤豐厚。選項(xiàng)D.gather意為“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square. 很多人聚集在市政廣場(chǎng)。該題需注意選項(xiàng)B.和選項(xiàng)C.在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項(xiàng)B.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡(jiǎn)歷就是要充分引起雇主對(duì)你的興趣，并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。
4.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.
A. available
B. desirable
C. enormous
D. numerous
A.?？疾樾稳菰~語義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：選項(xiàng)A.available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項(xiàng)B.desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable. 我很羨慕簡(jiǎn)，因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)C.enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項(xiàng)D.numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts. 這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。
5.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.
A. lessening
B. shortening
C. shrinking
D. withdrawing
C)?？疾榻x動(dòng)詞的語義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是：選項(xiàng)A) lessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)B) shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten. 天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)C) shrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk. 聽講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes? 這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D) withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal. 過了一會(huì)兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C)應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對(duì)通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。
6.In the New World as in Europe, each region developed its own _____ pattern of culture.
A. distant
B. distinct
C. distinctive
D. dismissed
答案：C.
[考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析。distinct“清楚的，清晰的;明顯的，明確的;～ from.種類不同的，分開的”;distinctive“特別的，有特色的”。
[譯文]在新世界如同在歐洲一樣，每一地區(qū)都形成了其自身的獨(dú)具特色的文化模式。
7.There was a certain old man in the village _____ none of us liked.
A. who
B. whom
C. him
D. that
答案：B。
[考點(diǎn)]定語從句。本句中的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語，故用賓格whom。
[譯文]在村子里有那么一個(gè)老頭，我們誰都不喜歡他。
8.The government has planned to _____ new industries in areas of high unemployment.
A. concentrate
B. focus
C. center
D. direct
答案：A.?？疾橐谆靹?dòng)詞的語義及搭配用法。除透項(xiàng)D.direct把……對(duì)準(zhǔn)，針對(duì).以外，其余均表示“集中”的意思，均可和介詞on搭配。除常規(guī)意思外，這三個(gè)單詞還有一些特殊意義。選項(xiàng)A.concentrate聚集，集結(jié)，如：Birds concentrate in places where food is abundant.鳥類聚集在食物豐富的地方。選項(xiàng)B.focus聚集;聚焦于，如：All the eyes are focused on him.所有的眼睛都注視著他。選項(xiàng)C.renter集中于，如：His interests are centered around his family.他關(guān)心的事情全離不開他的家庭。根據(jù)題意可知選項(xiàng)A.為正確答案。全句的意思為“政府已計(jì)劃把新的工業(yè)集中建在高失業(yè)率區(qū)”。
9.Since the issue was extremely _____, we dealt with it immediately.
A. resistant
B. intense
C. urgent
D. instant
答案：C.?？疾樾稳菰~語義。各選項(xiàng)的意思是：選項(xiàng)A.resistant抵制的，抵抗的;選項(xiàng)B.intense強(qiáng)烈的，劇烈的;選項(xiàng)C.urgent緊急的，緊要的;選項(xiàng)D. instant立即的，即刻的。根據(jù)題意可判斷選項(xiàng)C.應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“由于問題極其緊急，我們立刻進(jìn)行了處理”。
10.The epidemic流行病.was made worse when top leaders tried to hide the _____ of the disaster and present its impact as slight.
A. scale
B. rank
C. range
D. Having spoken of
答案：A.?？疾槊~的語義辨析。根據(jù)句意可判斷這兒應(yīng)填入表示“范圍，程度”意思的詞，由此可排除選項(xiàng)B.rank職銜;地位，社會(huì)階層.和選項(xiàng)D.limit限度，限制.。選項(xiàng)C.range表示“變動(dòng)范圍，變化幅度”，如：The speech covered a wide range of topics.這次演講涵蓋了一系列話題。The subject is outside my range.這個(gè)題目超出我所學(xué)范圍。顯然選項(xiàng)C.不符合句意。選項(xiàng)A. scale規(guī)模，程度，大小，如：They are preparing for war on：large scale.他們正在為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)做大規(guī)模的準(zhǔn)備。從原文來看，選項(xiàng)A.scale符合題意。全句的意思是“當(dāng)上層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)試圖掩蓋流行病的規(guī)模并輕視其影響時(shí)災(zāi)難變得更加嚴(yán)重了”。
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