46．Nanoplatelet is the powder-or flake-type of graphene that has been used for some time to make conductors and that is being launched on the market．納米片是粉末狀或者薄片狀的石墨烯，被用于制作導(dǎo)體已經(jīng)有一段時間了，而且開始被推向市場。
　　
 
　　47．To encourage industry to replace silicon with graphene．it is necessary for graphene to provide high property at an extremely low expense．為了讓業(yè)界用石墨烯代替硅，就必須讓石墨烯在造價極低的同時保持高性能。
　　
 
　　48．While graphene flakes are roughly processed with bulk graphite，graphene sheets are carefully made on substrates like copper,germanium，or silicon carbide．石墨烯薄片是由塊狀石墨粗略加工而成的，而石墨烯薄膜則是在銅，鍺或者碳化硅等基板上仔細(xì)加工而成的。
　　
 
　　49．In the past ten years，graphene has become a hot topic among the scientific and technology groups．在過去的十年間，石墨烯已經(jīng)成了科學(xué)技術(shù)界的熱點話題。
　　
 
　　50．Perforene won’t come into the market before it Can be manufactured at a very low cost．Perforene在能夠以低成本大量生產(chǎn)之前是不會上市的。
　　
 
　　51．Despite of a much younger age than silicon，great progress has been made in graphene；and with ever increasing interest，investment and research in graphene technology,it’s probable to manufacture cost-effective graphene ofhigh quA.ity．雖然出現(xiàn)得比硅要晚很多年，石墨烯仍取得了很大進展；而且隨著石墨烯技術(shù)利益，投資及研究的日益增加，很有可能以低成本生產(chǎn)大量高質(zhì)量的石墨烯。
　　
 
　　52．Graphene has been attempted to be used for plenty of noticeable applications．石墨烯已經(jīng)被嘗試著用于許多引人注意的應(yīng)用程序。
　　
 
　　53．Yet it still needs to take ten years for graphene to be used in semiconductors，which lies at the heart of the technology．但是，將石墨烯用于半導(dǎo)體制造(技術(shù)的核心)仍需要十年的時間。
　　
 
　　54．With today’s technology,it is still impossible to control material down at the atomic level．以今天的技術(shù)還無法將材料控制在原子層面。
　　
 
　　55．Elias Towe pointed out that having no“band gap”，the dispensable feature of transistors，makes it more difficult to produce graphene transistors．艾利亞斯•陶威指出，由于缺少晶體管必備的“帶隙”，使得制造石墨烯晶體管更加困難。
　　

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